![]() One important feature of piriform fossa is that internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal vessels pierce the thyrohyoid membrane and traverse from lateral to medial aspect beneath the mucosa of the floor of piriform fossa to reach larynx (for applied aspect see below).Lateral: mucosa covering the thyrohyoid membrane and lamina of thyroid cartilage. ![]() Lateral wall of laryngopharynx has recess known as piriform fossa on either side of the laryngeal inlet.Anteriorly: with larynx through laryngeal inlet.It extends from upper border of epiglottis to the lower border of cricoid cartilage. Lateral wall presents palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches enclosing t onsillar fossa for the palatine tonsil.In front : with oral cavity through oropharyngeal isthmus (between the palatoglossal arches).Above : with nasopharynx through pharyngeal isthmus.It extends from soft palate to the tip of epiglottis. Salpingopharyngeal fold containing salpingopharyngeus muscle.Salpingopalatine fold containing levator palatini muscle.Two mucosal folds extend from the tubal elevation.Tubal orifice is bounded above and posteriorly by tubal elevation.The medial end of auditory/ pharyngotympanic tube opens through tubal orifice into the lateral wall on each side.Pharyngeal tonsil projects in the nasopharynx from the junction of its roof and posterior wall.laterally thorough auditory tube with middle ear.inferiorly with oropharynx through pharyngeal isthmus.anteriorly with nasal cavity through nasal choanae.It extends from base of skull to the soft palate. Therefore, the subdivisions of pharynx are named:ĭescribe the Features of Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx. Subdivisions : The anterior wall of pharynx is deficient anteriorly as it opens into nasal cavity, oral cavity and larynx from above downwards.Extent : From base of skull to the lower border of cricoid cartilage (vertebral level C6).It is continuous inferiorly with esophagus. Pharynx is a funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube forming the upper part of air and food passage. What is the Extent of Pharynx ? What are its subdivisions? 8 Killian’s Dehiscence and Pharyngeal Diverticulum.6.4 Structures passing below the inferior constrictor.6.3 Structures passing between middle and inferior constrictor.6.2 Structures passing between superior and middle constrictor.6.1 Structures passing above the superior constrictor.6 Enumerate the Structures Passing Between the Constrictors of Pharynx.5 Which Nerves Provide Sensory Innervation to Pharynx?.4 Enumerate the Muscles of Pharynx and Write their Nerve Supply.3 Enumerate the Layers of wall of Pharynx.2 Describe the Features of Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx.1 What is the Extent of Pharynx ? What are its subdivisions?.The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus. The interval between the upper border of the muscle and the base of the skull is closed by the pharyngeal aponeurosis, and is known as the sinus of Morgagni.Īs soon as the bolus of food is received in the pharynx, the elevator muscles relax, the pharynx descends, and the constrictors contract upon the bolus, and convey it downward into the esophagus. The superior fibers arch beneath the levator veli palatini muscle and the Eustachian tube. The fibers curve backward to be inserted into the median raphe, being also prolonged by means of an aponeurosis to the pharyngeal spine on the basilar part of the occipital bone. and by a few fibers from the side of the tongue ( Glossopharyngeal part) from the alveolar process of the mandible above the posterior end of the mylohyoid line ( Myolopharyngeal part) from the pterygomandibular raphe ( Buccopharyngeal part) the lower third of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate and its hamulus ( Pterygopharyngeal part) The four parts of this muscle arise from: ![]()
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